Building construction.



(I. F.. DINGMAN. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION HLED JAIL-24, [916.

Patented Sept. 12, 1916.

PHOTO-UTHO b SACKETTG WILHEI MS CORP "UNIT STATES PA E T came.

FLYNT surname AND consrnucrron COMPANY, or rALMEn, ivrassncnusn'rrs, A oonronerzon or raAssAcHUsE'rTs.

BUILDING ebns'rnuc'rron;

Specification of Letters I Pa tent.

Application filed January a4, 1916. serial m. 73,979.

To all whom '1' 5 may concern and State of'Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building Construction, of which the fol-' lowing is a specification, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to building structures and more particularly to an improved roof construction for dye houses foundries, and thelike.

It is commonly known that in the dyeing of certain kinds of textile materials, the vapors which arise from the dye vats, form a temporary deposit upon the wood or steel roof structure and. the condensation from this vapor with the'dissolved or combined chemicals falls down into the room and onto the fabrics and spots the latter. Several remedies for. such objectionable conditions have been suggested, one of which consists in the provision on the central ridge of'the roofof a monitor or turret extending the entire length of the roof structure and having a plurality of windows in the opposite sides thereof which may be opened to permit the escape of the vapors and ventilate the interior of the structure. In the construction of such a roof, steel beams and trusses and wooden roof' sections or concrete roof slabs are, employed, the latter being a the most generally adopted material, as it has been found that the drippings from concrete are practically pure water and, therefore, do not spot the fabrics. This has led to the use of reinforced concrete construction which, however, has the serious disadrantage that the large concrete girders or beams greatly interfere ,with the light, present" a great amount of condensing surface, and interfere with the the steam and vapors.

It has, therefore, been my object and purpose to-devise an improved roof structure especially designed for dye houses, preferably using'reinforced concrete in the con- 1 struction thereof so as to render the roof entirely fireproof but, at the same time, pre-, senting a minimum surface for condensation of the vapors. and also realizing considerable economy in the use of concrete and the steel reinforcement therefor.

Be it known that I, CHARLES F. DINGi rapid escape of It has further been my object to provide .means in the roof structure to facilitate the escape of the vapors but without offering anymaterial interference to the free entrance of light to the interiorof the strucp ture.

Patented-sew. 12, 1916;

With the foregoing in mind, .the invention consists essentially. in the provision of transversely disposed cantaliver girders suitably'mounted and supported upon. the vertical walls or columns of the jbuildi'ngand upon which the roofstructure is arranged and secured. This'roof structure includes a shallow ridge from each of the longitudinal edges of which a seriesof ventilating cowls or windows roject outwardlylan'd upwardly, the same eing preferably of saw tooth form, and means depending from thelongitudinal edges 'of the ridge to' aid in directing the rising vapors through the openings in the vertical walls of thesaw-tooth' windows. It Is an additional inventlon to provide a roof constructlon for generalobject of' the buildings which will not add materially to the cost of erection over that incurred in the usual building of this'type, .a'nd to-provide means which will efliciently'accomplish the above stated objects.

With the-above and other objects view,

my invention consists in the novel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts to behereinafter more fully described, claimed and illustrated in theaccompanying drawing, in which,

Figure 1 1s a partial transverse sectlon through a roof structure designed in ac-" cordance with the preferred embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view' taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig.

3 is a similar view showing a slightly modified construction; and Fig. 4 is a similar view showing another alternative form.

Referring in detail to the drawing, .5 designates one of the side Walls or columns of the buildingstructure which. will be suitably reinforced against vertical tensile strains and possible buckling, and 6 indicates a central isolated column or support.

A series of roof supporting beams or girders 7 are provided. These beams are preferably-of cantaliver type, and the outer end of one beam is suita y mounted and sup ported upon the wall or column 5, and the corresponding end of the other beam simila'rly supported by the central column '6. These beams are of reinforced concrete, the steel reinforcements thereof constituting what is in effect, a continuation of the steel reinforcing structures or" the columns and 6. The beams Tincline upwardly toward each other and are suitably tied or joined together at' their smaller ends, which constitutes one or the ridge points or apexes of the roof. It will be understood that this mounting and arrangement of the girders 7 is duplicated on each side of the central column or support 6. i do not, of course, limit myself to any particular arrangement of the reinforcing elements for the beams 'Z or the supporting-columns, as various metal- 'cowls or windows extend upwardly to the vertically disposed walls 10 which are provided with ventilating openings ll adapted to be closed when desired, by means of the swinging windows 12 mounted therein. These cowls or windows are arranged in saw-tooth formation longitudinally oil the roof, and inay be separate and distinct from each other, or a single top wall 9 may connect each series of windows. 'lhe concrete structure of the beams or girders 7 has integral, upwardly extending webs 13 which sustain and reinforce the top walls 9 and the vertical walls 10 of the saw-tooth ventilating windows or outlets. As shown in Fig. 2, these webs maybe cut away, as indicated at 14, so as to afi'ord communication between the several windows in each series,

or the web may be continuous, and between the top wall and the beam or girder 7 so as to separate the ventilating openings from As indicated in Fig. 4c of the each other. drawings, each of the saw-tooth cowls or windows may be separate and distinct and provided with spaced vertical. walls connected by a top wall.

At the center of the building, the downwardly converging roof'walls 15 are mounted and supported onthe beams 7, and at the juncture of these walls a depending longitudinally extending rib or flange 16 is provided, while upon the outer edge of each wall 15, the vertical wall 10 of an inner series of ventilating cowls or windows 9 are supported. The rib l6 directs the ris-' ing vapors in opposite dircctionsto the two central series of ventilating window open ings. The ribs 8 also serve as bafies to prevent the inward new or the smoke and gases after striking the walls 9 and thus act to direct the same through the window openings 11. in dye houses, the vats would be located in parallel rows beneath the windows 9 so that practically all of the gases will arise at opposite sides of the roof ridge 8. Contrary ir currents entering through the openings 11 would tend to deflect some of the gases inwardly, and such deflection of the gases is prevented by the ribs or battles 8. These ribs also reinforce or strengthen the rooi structure at the juncture of the walls 8 and 9. It will be understood that the walll5 is also preferably of reinforced concrete or other similar material.

be eilected in the use of concrete and its accompanying reinforcement. While it has been demonstrated in practice that concrete is thebest material to use in the construction of dye houses for the reasons hereinbeiore referred, to, it is manifest that the principle employed may be embodied in the erection of foundries, train sheds and analogous structures, and in such instances steel, wood, or other materials may be utilized. The series of ventilatingwindows or cowls in the roof may also be multiplied in accordance with the surface area covered by the roof and the particular purposes for which the structure is to be employed. it is further manifest that various alterations in the shape, form and proportions of the several structural features may be necessitated by the exigencies encountered in particular circumstances, and l consequently reserve the privilege of resorting to all. such obvious modifications as may be fairly embodied within the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I desire to claim and secure by Letters Fatent is 1. In building construction, cantaliver roof supporting girders tied together at their opposed ends, a roof ridge supported by said girders and having'depending longi tudinal ribs on its opposite edges, and a j series of ventilating windows arranged upon each side of and projectingabovethe roof ridge, and having upwardly inclined top walls leadin tothe ventilating openings, said ribs 2 mg directing risingxvapors through the ventilating "openings; I

2. In building} construction, transversely arranged'cantalii'r roof supporting girders tied together .at.their opposed-ends, a roof ridge supported upon the connected ends of the girders and having w'alls inclined downwardly from its apex, and a series of ventilating'windows supported upon said girders on each side of the ridge and having top walls-inclined upwardly in relatively opposite directions from the adjacent ridge wall for the purpose of directing rising vapors through the window openings.

3. In building construction, cantaliver roof supporting girders. disposed transversely of the roof, said girders being arranged in upwardly converging pairs tied together at their opposed ends, a roof ridge 7 supported upon the connected endsof each pair of girders, a central roof section di sposed below the plane of the roof ridges and supported by the cantaliver girders, a series of ventilating windows between the opposite edges of the central roof section and the respective roof ridges, and longitudinally.

extending ribs integrally uniting the top 3 walls of the windows to the ridge walls.

4. In building construction, cantaliver roof supporting girders tied together at their opposed ends, a roof ridge supportedv upon the connected ends of the girders, a series of windows of saw-tooth form supported upon the girders on each side of the ridge and' having top wallsinclined -up wardly from the adjacent ridge walls and vertical walls extending upwardly from the girders to the outer ends of said top walls and provided with ventilating openings, a swinging window sash mounted in each of the o enings, and ribs extending longitudinally etween' the spaced trans- ,verse girders at the juncture of said top walls of the windows with the roof ridge,

said ribs directing the rising vapors against 1 said top walls andthrough the window openings. j

' 5. --In building construction, outer vertical supporting columns and central supporting columns, transverse cantaliver girders extending from the outer.- vertical columns to the-central columns, roof ridges supported by said cantaliver girders on opposite sides of the roof center, a central roof section disposed below the plane of the roof ridges and ing openings,- said central roof section in-' cluding oppositely extending upwardly inclined walls leading to the respective central series of ventilating opening V, 6. In building construction, upwardly converging cantaliver roof Supporting girders, a roof ridge supported upon the upper ends of said girders and having oppositely extending, downwardly inclined walls, and a 7 series ofventilating windows supported by said girders on each side of the ridge and projecting above said ridge walls, said windows having inwardly and downwardlyinclined top 1 walls integrally joined to the respective 'longitudinal' edges of said roof ridge/y In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES. F.- DINGMAN.

Witnesses:

J E. TOOLE, CATHERINE, C. TOOLE.

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